Lucien Weissenburger studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, in the studios of Jules André and Victor Laloux. He returned to Nancy in 1888 and became the municipal architect for Lunéville, where he designed the theatre.

From 1900, he worked with Henri Sauvage on the construction of Louis Majorelle's villa, overseeing its execution.

His work was highly eclectic in terms of its varied inspirations (Art Nouveau, regionalism, historical references) and the nature of his commissions (factories, private mansions, department stores, Nancy's first public housing projects).

He was a member of the Ecole de Nancy steering committee from its creation in 1901.

Some of his most prestigious buildings in Nancy include the villa belonging to the printer Bergeret (1904), 24 rue Lionnois; his town house, cours Léopold; the Royer printing works, rue de la Salpêtrière; and the Excelsior hotel-brasserie (1910), built in collaboration with the architect Alexandre Mienville.